专利审查高速路与中国“技术出海”——基于谷歌专利云数据的分析

Patent Prosecution Highway and China's"Technology Going Overseas":Analysis Based on Google Clo Platform Patent Data

新一轮科技革命背景下,如何助力国内创新技术“走出去”,在全球产业格局中建立竞争优势备受关注。本文在理论分析专利审查高速路协定影响中国“技术出海”内在机理的基础上,构建多时点双重差分模型,系统考察了签署专利审查高速路协定对中国海外技术布局的影响。研究发现:(1)协定签署能够有效推动中国“技术出海”,审查周期缩短、审查成本节省和授权概率提高是协定发挥促进效力的主要原因;(2)协定制度效力释放具有时间连续性,且相较于双边协定,多边审查合作协定的海外技术布局促进作用更明显;(3)对于知识产权体制机制相对健全的伙伴方,协定制度效力释放更为充分,对于“一带一路”沿线国家和地区,相关制度效力有待进一步发掘;(4)协定签署对于生物、高端装备制造等战略性新兴产业的海外技术布局具有明显促进作用,但对其他新兴领域的影响尚不明显;(5)更深层次的专利合作协定对于海外技术布局的带动作用整体强于常规协定。本文研究不仅系统评估了共建专利审查高速路的制度型成果,也为进一步优化知识产权领域国际合作提供了潜在的启示与方向。

Under the background of a new round of scientific and technological revolution,how to help domestic innovative technology to establish global competitive advantages has attracted much attention.Based on the theoretical analysis of the internal mechanism of the agreement on the Patent Prosecution Highway affecting Chinese"technology going overseas",this paper constructs a multi-period dfference-in-differences model based on the pilot agreement of the Patent Prosecution Highway signed by China as a natural experiment,and systematically examines the impact of the Patent Prosecution Highway agreement on China's cross-border technology layout.The research finds that:(1)The signing of the agreement can effectively promote China's"technology going overseas",Shortening the review cycle,saving the review cost and increasing the authorization probability are the main reasons for the effectiveness of the agreement;(2)The release of the effectiveness of the agreement system has a continuity of time,and compared with bilateral agreements,multilateral review and cooperation agreements play a more significant role in promoting the cross-border technology layout;(3)For the partners with relatively sound intellectual property mechanism,the effectiveness of the agreement system is more fully released.For countries and regions along the"the Belt and Road",the effectiveness of relevant systems needs to be further explored;(4)The signing of the agreement has obviously promoted the cross-border technology layout of strategic emerging industries such as biology and high-end equipment manufacturing,but has not yet had an obvious impact on other emerging areas;(5)The deeper patent cooperation treaty has a stronger driving effect on cross-border technology layout than conventional agreements.This study not only makes a more comprehensive policy effect evaluation for the implementation of the Patent Prosecution Highway agreement,but also provides potential inspiration and direction for further optimizing international cooperation in the field of intellectual property.