多目标驱动的太湖调度水位研究

Research on multi-objective driven dispatching water level of Lake Taihu

太湖是流域洪水集散地、水资源调配中心,也是长三角水生态环境的晴雨表,其水位高低影响防洪、供水、水生态、水环境等系统功能,使得太湖面临统筹调度问题日益凸显。本文以太湖为主要研究对象,基于多年实测数据,采用数理统计、河网水动力模型计算,分析流域降雨、进出湖水量和水生态环境演变规律及其与太湖水位的互馈关系,综合考虑不同调度期流域防洪、供水、水生态、水环境目标及其承受风险的时空差异性,优化太湖调度水位,并在此基础上提出太湖调度功能区划图。结果表明,在设计洪水和供水条件下,通过调度水位调整,统筹调控流域水工程,前期预降太湖水位,后期适抬太湖水位,实现太湖多目标调度,可有效保障流域防洪、供水和航运安全,改善河湖生态环境,共绘美丽太湖。

Lake Taihu is a center of flood distribution,water resources regulation,storage,and a barometer of the water ecological environment.Its water level affects the system functions of flood control,water supply,water ecology,water environment,shipping etc.,which makes the overall dispatching problem of Lake Taihu increasingly prominent.In this paper,Lake Taihu is taken as the main research object.Based on the monitoring data,mathematical statistics and hydrodynamic model calculation were used to analyze the changes of rainfall,discharge of lake water,water ecological environment and their feedback relationship with the water level of Lake Taihu.Considering the objectives of flood control,water supply,water ecology,water environment and its spatial and temporal differences in risk tolerance during different dispatch intervals,the dispatching water level of Lake Taihu was optimized.On this basis,the dispatching function zoning map of Lake Taihu was proposed.The results showed that,under the conditions of design flood and water supply,the water level of Lake Taihu could be pre-reduced in the early stage and appropriately raised in the late stage through the adjustment of dispatching water level and the overall regulation of river basin water projects.It could effectively guarantee the safety of flood control,water supply and shipping in the basin,and effectively improve the ecological environment of rivers and lakes.It would be continuously improved in practice and exploration,so as to lay a stable foundation for the construction of beautiful Lake Taihu.