健走干预强度对职业人群体重和血压相关指标的影响

Effect of walking intervention intensity on related indexes of body weight and blood pressure in occupational population

目的 了解健走干预强度与职业人群体重、血压相关指标变化的效应关系,为项目推广提供数据支持。方法 选取参与2021年中国职业人群健走激励项目的 28 285名在职人员作为研究对象,进行为期100 d的以健走为主的干预,测量干预前后体重、身高、腰围、体脂率和血压,通过计步器收集每日步行数,根据健走干预任务,将健走步数转化为日均步数、万步率、集中健走率和处方完成率4个健走干预强度指标,采用多水平线性和多水平logistic模型分别分析不同健走干预强度指标与体重和血压相关指标变化的关系。采用SAS 9.4进行配对t检验和配对χ^(2)检验。结果 经过100 d的干预,研究对象健走依从性较好,万步率、集中健走率和处方完成率均达到95%以上,日均步数为14 320步。不同性别、年龄和健走干预强度人群的体质指数(BMI)、腰高比(WHtR)、体脂率(BFP)、收缩压、舒张压均有所下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多因素多水平模型结果显示,与万步率、日均步数、集中健走率、处方完成率的低水平组相比,高水平组的BMI(β值分别为-0.24、-0.30、-0.23、-0.21)、WHtR(β值分别为-0.004、-0.005、-0.004、-0.004)、BFP(β值分别为-0.40、-0.50、-0.32、-0.30)平均下降幅度更大(P<0.05),朝超重肥胖(OR值分别为0.78、0.75、0.79、0.79)、中心性肥胖(OR值分别为0.74、0.59、0.74、0.79)、体脂肥胖(OR值分别为0.83、0.70、0.84、0.84)方向发展的可能性均更低(P<0.05),而朝高血压方向发展的可能性均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 职业人群坚持100 d的健走运动可以改善体重和控制血压,提高健走干预强度可以进一步改善超重肥胖、中心性肥胖和体脂肥胖,但对血压的进一步改善并不明显。

Objective To understand the effects of walking intervention intensity on the changes of related indexes of body weight and blood pressure in occupational population,and provide the data support for program promotion.Methods A total of 28 285people who participated in the Chinese Occupational Population Walking Program in 2021 were selected as the subjects for a 100-day walking intervention.The weight,height,waist circumference,body fat percentage and blood pressure were measured before and after the intervention.The daily walking steps was collected by pedometer.According to the walking intervention task,the number of walking steps was transformed into four intervention intensity indexes (daily average steps,ten thousand steps rate,concentrated walking rate and prescription completion rate).Multilevel linear and multilevel logistic models were used to analyze the relationship between walking intervention intensity and the changes of body weight and blood pressure.Results After intervention for 100 days,the subjects had good compliance.The rate of ten thousand steps,the rate of concentrated walking and the rate of prescription completion all reached more than 95%,and the average daily walking number was 14 320 steps.The body mass index(BMI),waist-to-height ratio (WHtR),body fat percentage (BFP),systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in population with different gender,age and walking intervention intensity decreased significantly(P<0.01).The results of multilevel models showed that as compared with the low level group with ten thousand steps rate,average daily steps,concentrated walking rate and prescription completion rate,the average values of BMI (β values were-0.24,-0.30,-0.23 and-0.21,respectively),WHtR (β values were-0.004,-0.005,-0.004 and-0.004,respectively) and BFP (β values were-0.40,-0.50-0.32 and-0.30,respectively) in the high level group decreased significantly (P<0.05);the possibility of developing towards overweight and obesity(OR values were 0.78,0.75,0.79 and 0.79,respectively),central obesity(OR values were 0.74,0.59,0.74 and 0.79,respectively)and body fat obesity (OR values were 0.83,0.70,0.84 and 0.84,respectively) in the high level group was much lower (P<0.05);but the possibility of developing towards hypertension in the high level group was not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusion In occupational population,100 days of brisk walking can improve body weight and control blood pressure.Increasing the intensity of brisk walking intervention can further improve overweight and obesity,central obesity and body fat obesity,but the further improvement of blood pressure is not obvious.