海南新村港红树林区域沉积物和海水质量调查与评价

Investigation and evaluation of sediment and seawater quality in mangrove area of Xincungang,Hainan

为研究海南新村港红树林区域沉积物和海水质量,本文对该区域沉积物的粒度、重金属、营养盐、有机碳、硫化物、全盐量以及海水中的溶解氧、氮、磷进行了分析,并采用潜在生态风险指数、隶属度模糊综合评价等评价方法对沉积物及海水质量进行评价。结果表明,与其他地区相比,新村港红树林区域沉积物中重金属元素含量较低,且分布相对均匀;沉积物中总氮、总磷含量在各断面无显著性差异,但少数调查点的总磷含量比其他调查点略高;相比周边海域,有机碳含量相对较高,但硫化物含量则很低;从全盐量结果来看,该区域属于中度或强度盐化土。海水的溶解氧、氨氮、总磷浓度部分断面有显著性差异,总氮、无机氮、硝酸盐则分布均匀。从评价结果来看,沉积物中重金属、营养盐均不具有生态风险效应,且有机碳、硫化物、石油类、重金属等指标均符合第一类海洋沉积物质量标准,但是,调查区海水氮污染特征较明显。

In order to study the quality of sediments and seawater in the mangrove area of Xincungang,Hainan province,the particle size,heavy metals,nutrients,organic carbon,sulfide and total salt of sediments,as well as the dissolved oxygen,nitrogen and phosphorus of seawater in this area were analyzed.The potential ecological risk index method,membership fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and other evaluation methods were used to evaluate the sediments and seawater.The results showed that the content of trace elements in the sediments was relatively low and uniform.The content of total phosphorus in a few points and the content of organic carbon was relatively high,while the content of sulfide was very low,and the area belongs to medium or strong saline soil.The contents of dissolved oxygen,ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in seawater had significant differences in some sections,and the contents of total nitrogen,inorganic nitrogen and nitrate had nothing to do with the sections.According to the evaluation results,Heavy metals and nutrients in sediments had no ecological risk effect,Organic carbon,sulfide,petroleum,heavy metals and other indicators meet the quality standard of class I marine sediments,but the characteristics of seawater nitrogen pollution were obvious.