“双碳”目标下,我国钢铁工业发展现状与展望

Current Situation,Development and Prospect of China's Iron and Steel Industry Based on Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality Goals

钢铁行业是中国制造业中碳排放最大的行业,也是中国应对气候变化最重要的领域之一。本文意在阐述我国钢铁行业绿色低碳发展的现状、技术路径与未来发展方向。通过对钢铁工业碳排放、钢铁制造工艺与碳排放之间的关系,以及全球钢铁转型趋势的分析,预示着中国钢铁工业的机遇与挑战并存。废钢回收与电炉工艺、再电气化、氢冶金以及资源循环与副产品、碳捕集及利用,是钢铁工业转型路径中的主要工艺大类,而“用能结构优化”是未来重要方向之一。本文认为:在“双碳”目标下,除了冶金工艺本身的变革,清洁能源产业作为支撑钢铁行业减碳的手段,将会越来越重要。

The iron and steel industry is the largest carbon emission industry in China's manufacturing industry,and also one of the most important areas in China's response to climate change.This report is intended to describe the current situation,technical routes and perspectives of iron and steel industry development.According to the analysis of carbon emission structure,the relationship between production process and carbon emissions,and the transformation trend of the world's iron and steel industry,we can see that opportunities and challenges coexist in China's steel industry.Scrap steel recovery and electric furnace process,re-electrification,hydrogen metallurgy,resource recycling and by-products,carbon capture and utilization are the main process categories in the low-carbon transformation path,and"optimization of energy consumption structure"is one of the important future directions.This report suggests that in order to achieve carbon peak and carbon Neutrality,in addition to the metallurgical processes reform,clean energy supply will become more and more important as a guarantee for carbon reduction.