政府信息公开收费:逻辑演进与制度完善

Fees for Government Information Disclosure:Logical Evolution and Institutional Improvement

2019年,修订后的《政府信息公开条例》在申明依申请公开不收费的基础上,将政府信息公开收费重新界定为信息处理费,以此取代了修订前的“检索、复制、邮寄等成本费用”。从政府信息公开制度建立伊始的收费,到后来的停征,再到现在的信息处理费,体现了收费机制在不同时期的逻辑演进及其不同定位。现行收费机制不再坚持过去“最低限度的成本补偿”定位,转而采取带有特定导向的经济性诱导定位,意在调节、规范申请行为。新的定位需要完善的制度配套来承载,也需要不断经历实践检验。从目前实践状况来看,现行收费机制正面临整体使用率偏低、未能充分降低公开处理成本、吸纳申请人异议的程序接口有限、收费情况内容要素较为简单等问题,为充分发挥其制度预设效果,需要明确信息处理费的收取规则、设置预收费通知环节、健全申请人异议通道以及逐步丰富收费情况内容要素。

JIn 2019,on the basis of affirming that there is no fee for disclosure upon application,the revised Open Government Information Regulation redefined the fee for government information disclosure as"information processing fee",thus replacing the"cost fees for retrieval,reproduction,postage,etc."before the revision.From the beginning of the establishment of the government information disclosure system to the suspension of the levy,and now to the information processing fee,it reflects the logical evolution of the fee mechanism and its different positioning at different times.The current fee mechanism no longer adheres to the"minimum cost compensation"orientation of the past,but adopts an economic inducement orientation with a specific orientation,which is intended to regulate and normalize the application behavior.The new positioning requires a well-established system to be carried by,and also needs to be constantly tested in practice.From the current practice,the current fee mechanism is facing the problems of low overall utilization rate,failure to fully reduce the cost of processing,limited procedural interface to absorb the applicant's objection,and simple content elements of the fee situation.In order to give full play to its institutional preset effect,it is necessary to clarify the rules for collecting information processing fees,set up a pre-charge notification step,improve the applicant's objection channel,and gradually enrich the content of the fee situation elements.