农业资源错配对农业绿色生产效率的空间效应分解研究

Spatial Effect Decomposition of Agricultural Resources Misallocation on Agricultural Green Production Efficiency

通过测算2001—2019年内地除西藏以外的30个省份的农业资源错配指数和农业绿色生产效率指数,探究中国农业绿色生产效率的时空演变特征,运用空间计量模型估计农业资源错配对农业绿色生产效率的空间溢出效应。结果表明:(1)2001—2019年中国农业绿色生产效率实现了快速增长,呈现出东北地区西北地区以及东南沿海地区效率高而中部及内陆地区效率较低的空间分布格局。(2)农业资本错配、劳动力错配和土地错配在整体上都对农业绿色生产效率有显著负向影响,即本地区农业生产要素错配会阻碍本地区农业绿色生产效率的增长,同时也会阻碍邻近地区农业绿色生产效率的增长。(3)从横向对比来看,本区域内要素错配对本区域农业绿色生产效率的间接影响要大于其对邻近地区农业绿色生产效率的直接影响。

This paper calculates agricultural resource misallocation index and agricultural green production efficiency index of 30 provinces in China from 2001 to 2019.Plot the spatial temporal evolution characteristics of agricultural green total factor productivity and examines the spatial spillover effect of factor misallocation on agricultural green production efficiency.The results show that:(1)China’s agricultural green production efficiency has achieved rapidly growth during the period 2001—2019,which shows a spatial distribution pattern with high efficiency in the northeast,northwest and southeast coastal areas,and low efficiency in the central and inland areas.(2)Agricultural capital misallocation,labor misallocation and land misallocation have a significantly negative impact on agricultural green production efficiency as a whole.Additionally,the misallocation of agricultural production factors in one region will hinder the growth of agricultural green production efficiency in this region,at the same time,it will also hinder the growth of agricultural green production efficiency in neighboring areas.(3)From the perspective of horizontal comparison,the indirect impact of factor misallocation in the region’s agricultural green production efficiency is greater than the direct impact on neighboring regions’agricultural green production efficiency.