中部典型农区县域农户多维贫困测度及致贫机理--以河南省新蔡县为例

Multidimensional Poverty Measurement and Poverty Mechanism of County Farmers in Typical Agricultural Areas of Central China

基于河南省新蔡县66个行政村1889户农村家庭问卷数据,从收入、健康、生活、教育、居住5个维度选取9个指标,运用Alkire-Foster模型测度新蔡县农户的多维贫困状况,利用自然断点法分析多维贫困的空间分异特征,采用二元Logistic回归模型探究致贫机理。结果表明:(1)新蔡县农户多维贫困状况普遍,具有范围大、程度轻、村域差异明显等特点,多维贫困程度呈现西低东高的特征。(2)新蔡县农户面临严重的教育贫困和健康贫困问题,经济收入不再是贫困发生的主要原因。(3)户主学历、年龄、性别、村庄距县城距离、家庭工资性收入占比对新蔡县农户多维贫困存在显著影响。

Based on the questionnaire data of 1889 rural households in 66 administrative villages in Xincai County,9 indicators were selected from 5 dimensions of income,health,life,education and residence to establish an index system.The Alkire-Foster model was used to analyze multidimensional poverty status of farmers in Xincai County.The natural breakpoint method in ArcGIS was used to analyze the spatial differentiation characteristics of multidimensional poverty,and the Logistic regression model was used to explore the main poverty factors.The results show that:(1)Multidimensional poverty is common among farmers in Xincai County,which is characterized by large range,light degree and obvious differences among villages.Multidimensional poverty is low in the west and high in the east.(2)Xincai County is facing serious poverty in education and health,and economic income is no longer the main cause of poverty.(3)Education background,age,gender,distance from village to county seat and wage income are the main poverty causing factors in Xincai County.Anti-poverty policies should be formulated according to these factors.