1995—2020年淮河流域生态系统服务权衡协同关系的尺度效应

Trade-off and Synergy of Ecosystem Services and Their Scale Effects in the Huaihe River Basin from 1995 to 2020

淮河流域是我国人类活动密集区域和粮食主产区。基于1995—2020年淮河流域的土地利用、气象数据及社会经济等数据,运用InVEST模型及GIS空间分析方法评估产水量、土壤保持、碳储量、食物供给和植被净初级生产力5种生态系统服务的时空变化特征,采用主成分分析流域像元、县域及市域尺度下生态系统服务的权衡协同关系。结果表明:(1)1995—2020年淮河流域生态系统服务整体增强,产水量的年平均深度增加了265.60 mm,土壤保持服务增加了28.21×10^(8) t,碳储量减少了1.04×10^(8) t,食物供给增加了702.76 t·km^(-2),NPP增加了293.88 gC·m^(-2)·a^(-1)。(2)淮河流域生态系统服务的权衡协同关系随时间呈动态变化,在县域市域尺度上相对稳定,在像元尺度上变化明显。(3)淮河流域生态系统服务的权衡协同关系随尺度变化表现出异质性和尺度依赖性。生态系统服务间的作用关系在不同尺度上既表现出某种一致性,又更多地表现为尺度上的差异性和动态性。

Based on land use,meteorological data and socio-economic data of the Huaihe River Basin from 1995 to 2020,this paper uses the InVEST model and GIS spatial analysis to assess the spatial and temporal variability of five ecosystem services:water production,soil conservation,carbon storage,food supply and net primary productivity of vegetation,and uses principal component analysis to study the weighting of ecosystem services at the meta,county and municipal scales.The results showed that:(1)From 1995 to 2020,ecosystem services in the Huaihe River Basin were enhanced as a whole,with the annual average depth of water production increasing by 265.60 mm,soil conservation services increasing by 28.21×10^(8) t,carbon storage decreasing by 1.04×10^(8) t,food supply increasing by 702.76 t·km-2,and NPP increasing by 293.88 gC·m^(-2)·a^(-1).(2)The trade-off and synergy of ecosystem services in the Huaihe River Basin changed dynamically with time,relatively stable at the county and city scale,and changed significantly at the pixel scale.(3)The trade-off synergistic relationship of ecosystem services in the Huaihe River Basin showed heterogeneity and scale dependence with scale changes.The role relationships between ecosystem services showed some consistency at different scales,and were more manifested as differences and dynamics at scales.