OECD主要国家及地区养老服务筹资模式及政府财政投入

Fund-raising Models and Government Financial Investment in Elderly Care Services in OECD Countries and Regions

在世界范围内老龄化加剧背景下,全球各个国家针对本国老龄化特点都进行了不同程度的养老政策改革,特别是在OECD成员国的改革中,一个共同的目标是在人口老龄化过程中维持政府投入与市场及社会分担之间的平衡。自20世纪80年代末以来,一些发达国家根据自身经济社会发展现状和特点,通过发挥政府、社会和市场的作用,建立了不同的养老服务筹资模式,为养老服务的持续供给提供了充足的资金保障。本文基于养老服务的两种筹资模式,以英国、美国、德国和日本为典型案例,分析这四个国家养老服务的财政投入,为我国养老服务提供借鉴。

Under the background of the intensification of aging in the world,various countries around the world have carried out varying degrees of pension policy reforms.In particular,in the reform of OECD member countries and regions,a common goal is to maintain the balance between government input and market and social sharing in the process of population aging.Since the end of 1980s,developed countries have established unique fund-raising models of elderly care services by giving full play to the leading role of the government,which provides substantial financial support for the services.Based on the two fund-raising models of elderly care services,this paper analyzes the government financial investment in the services in four countries,i.e.the United Kingdom,the United States,Germany and Japan,which could provide reference for elderly care services in China.