呼和浩特市20种常见园林植物的物候期研究

Phenology of 20 Common Garden Plants in Hohhot

植物物候及其物候相特征是进行景观搭配,发挥园林景观时序之美的重要依据。呼和浩特市作为内蒙古首府,城市园林建设方兴未艾,对其开展常见园林植物的物候期观测与研究,具有重要的现实意义。文章以呼和浩特市20种园林植物为对象进行调查,分析了不同园林植物的物候期和物候相,并且对其物候期进行了聚类分析。结果表明:①所观测物候期从3月上旬一直持续到11月下旬,其中开花期和果实期所占比例最大。②花期物候相特征表现为白色花色植物种数最多;果期物候相特征表现为黄棕色果色植物种数最多;秋色叶期物候相特征表现为黄色叶色植物种数最多。③系统聚类分析结果显示,在阈值为4的水平下,20种园林植物分为花芽萌芽期早—开花期早、叶芽萌芽期早—展叶期早、展叶期早—落叶期早、开花期晚—落叶期晚、开花期晚—果实期晚5种类型。通过本研究,为呼和浩特市园林规划设计、植物材料选择配置提供科学依据。

Plant phenology and its phenological phase characteristics are an important basis for landscape collocation and giving play to the beauty of landscape timing.As the capital of Inner Mongolia,Hohhot is in the ascendence of urban garden construction.It is of great practical significance to observe and study the phenological period of common garden plants in Hohhot.In this paper,20 kinds of garden plants in Hohhot City were investigated,and phenological stages and phases of different garden plants were analyzed,and the phenological stages were clustered.The results showed that:①The observed phenological period lasted from early March to late November,and the flowering and fruit stages accounted for the largest proportion.②The phenological characteristics of flowering stage showed that the number of plants with white color was the most;The phenological characteristics of fruiting stage showed that the number of yellow-brown fruiting plants was the largest.The phenological characteristics of autumn leaf stage showed that the number of plants with yellow leaf color was the most.③The results of systematic cluster analysis showed that at the threshold of 4,20 garden plants were divided into five types:early flower bud germination-early flowering,early leaf bud germination-early leaf development,early leaf development-early deciduous period,late flowering-late deciduous period,and late flowering-late fruit period.This study provides a scientific basis for the garden planning and design of Hohhot city and the selection and configuration of plant materials.