环状RNA在儿童肾母细胞瘤中的表达谱、生物学功能和临床意义

Expression Profiles,Biological Functions and Clinical Significance of circRNAs in Pediatric Wilms Tumor

肾母细胞瘤(Wilms瘤)是儿童时期最常见的肾脏恶性肿瘤。传统的分层诊疗方案无法实现指导精准风险分层的目标,尤其是对于那些没有高危因素的患儿。例如,具有相同临床表型并接受相同治疗的患儿可能存在明显不同的预后,这表明该疾病比以前认识的要复杂得多。这种个体异质性需要更深入的分子表型研究来确定新的标志物和靶点。环状RNA(circular RNA,circ RNA)是一类新发现的非编码RNA。大量研究报道,失调的环状RNA主要依赖mi RNA“海绵”机制调节癌细胞的多种表型,包括增殖、侵袭、迁移、周期阻滞或化疗耐药等。该分子也有希望成为癌症诊断标志物和治疗靶点。与成人癌症相比,对肾母细胞瘤中环状RNA的研究仍处于起步阶段。本文基于现有文献,系统综述了环状RNA在肾母细胞瘤中的表达模式、生物学功能和临床意义等方面的最新进展,并探讨了目前研究的局限性和今后的研究方向。

Wilms tumor(WT)is the most common renal malignant tumor in children.The traditional clinical hierarchical diagnosis and treatment scheme cannot achieve the clinical goal of guiding precise risk stratification,especially in patients without high-risk factors.For example,patients with the same clinical phenotype and receiving the same treatment may have significant differences in prognosis,indicating that the disease is much more complex than previously recognized.This individual heterogeneity requires more in-depth molecular phenotypic studies to determine new markers and targets.Circular RNA(circRNA)is a newly discovered noncoding RNA.A large number of studies have reported that dysregulated circRNA mainly plays the role of miRNA sponges to regulate multiple phenotypes of cancer cells,including proliferation,invasion,migration,cycle arrest,and chemotherapy resistance.This molecule may also become a promising marker and target for cancer diagnosis and treatment.Compared with adult cancers,the study of circRNA in WT is still in its infancy.Based on the existing literature,this paper systematically reviewed the latest progress in the expression pattern,biological function,and clinical value of circRNA in WT,and discussed the limitations of current research and future directions.