朱熹理学与禅学的家族相似性

Family Similarities Between Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism and Zen Buddhism

朱熹理学与禅学思想从哲学上来看,在多方面表现出如维特根斯坦所说的“家族相似性”。本体论上朱熹的“理”与禅学所说的“性”或“自性”、辩证法观点上朱熹的“心统性情”说与禅学推崇的“一心二门”论、认识论或工夫论方面朱熹的“正心诚意”与禅学提倡的“明心见性”都有诸多方面的家族相似性。与禅学思想互鉴,可以更好地理解、把握朱熹理学的思想实质。从思想史发展的逻辑角度看,朱熹理学思想是儒家思想和禅学等思想各自发展、融通合流的产物。

From the philosophical point of view,Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism and Zen thought show certain"family similarity"as Wittgenstein said in many aspects.On the ontology,Zhu Xi's"reason"is similar to Zen's"nature"or"self-nature".On the dialectical point of view,Zhu Xi's theory of"one heart and two doors"advocated by Zen.On the epistemology or Gong Fu theory,Zhu Xi's"faithfulness and sincerity"have one or several family similarities with Zen's advocacy of"knowing the heart and seeing the nature".Through the use of Zen thought,people can better understand the essence of Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism.From the logical perspective of the development of ideological history,Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism is also the product of the respective development and final confluenceof Confucianism and Zen.