不同剂量布地奈德混悬液雾化吸入治疗小儿哮喘急性发作的临床效果及安全性比较

Comparison of efficacy and safety evaluation of different doses of budesonide suspension aerosol inhalation in the treatment of acute attack of asthma in children

目的比较不同剂量布地奈德混悬液雾化吸入治疗小儿哮喘急性发作的临床效果及安全性。方法选取2021年3月—2022年3月福建省漳州市医院收治的小儿哮喘急性发作期患儿96例,按随机数字表法分为观察组(48例)和对照组(48例)。在常规治疗基础上,2组患儿均接受布地奈德混悬液雾化吸入治疗,但剂量不同(观察组每次1.0 mg,对照组每次0.5 mg),2组均治疗2周。比较2组患儿治疗效果,治疗前后临床症状积分及不良反应。结果观察组患儿总有效率为95.83%,高于对照组的79.17%(χ^(2)=6.095,P=0.014);治疗2周后,2组患儿肺部啰音、咳嗽、喘息、呼吸困难积分均较治疗前下降,且观察组低于对照组(P均<0.01);观察组不良反应总发生率为6.25%,对照组不良反应总发生率为2.08%,2组比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.261,P=0.610)。结论采用大剂量布地奈德混悬液雾化吸入治疗小儿哮喘急性发作的效果更佳,有效缓解临床症状,不良反应发生率低,安全性有保障。

Objective Comparison of efficacy and safety evaluation of different doses of budesonide suspension aerosol inhalation in the treatment of acute attack of asthma in children.Methods Ninety-six cases of children with acute attack of asthma admitted to Zhangzhou Municipal Hospital of Fujian Province from March 2021 to March 2022 were randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 48 cases in each group.On the basis of routine treatment,the two groups of children were treated with budesonide suspension aerosol inhalation,but the dose was different.The dose in the observation group was 1.0 mg each time,while the control group was 0.5 mg each time.Both groups were treated for 2 weeks.After that,the treatment effects of the two groups of children,the changes in clinical symptom scores before and after treatment,and the occurrence of adverse reactions were compared.Results The total effective rate of children in the observation group was 95.83%,higher than 79.17%in the control group(χ^(2)=6.095,P=0.014).After 2 weeks of treatment,the scores of lung rale,cough,wheezing and dyspnea in the two groups were lower than those before treatment,and the score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(all P<0.01).The total incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 6.25%,and the total incidence of adverse reactions in the control group was 2.08%,there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups(χ^(2)=0.261,P=0.610).Conclusion Aerosol inhalation of high-dose budesonide suspension in the treatment of acute attack of asthma in children is better,which can effectively relieve clinical symptoms,with low incidence of adverse reactions and guaranteed safety.