农户劳动力配置与“一家两制”行为——基于收入效应和挤出效应的分析

Farmers'Labor Allocation and"One Family,Two Systems"Behavior:Analysis Based on Income Effect and Crowding-out Effect

在食品安全风险威胁下,农户“一家两制”的个体自保行为会进一步加剧整个社会的食品安全风险。本文试图从农户劳动力配置的角度对农户“一家两制”生产行为给出可能的解释,并提出相应的政策解决措施。基于2018年广东千村调查数据,利用广义精确匹配(CEM)方法和逆概率加权回归(IPWRA)模型,本文探讨了农户劳动力配置对“一家两制”行为的影响,并进行了区域异质性和稳健性分析。研究表明:总体上看,劳动力跨产业配置带来的挤出效应大于收入效应,加剧了农户“一家两制”行为,但存在区域差异:经济发展水平偏低地区,农户劳动力跨产业配置显著加剧“一家两制”行为;经济发展水平偏高地区,农户劳动力跨产业配置对“一家两制”的影响不再显著。本研究为政府部门制定相应措施减缓农户“一家两制”行为、保障农产品质量安全提供理论和实证依据。

Under the threat of food safety risks,the individual self-protect behavior of farmers with"One family,Two systems"will further aggravate food safety risks of the entire society.This article attempts to give possible explanations for farmers'behavior of"one family,two systems"from the perspective of farmers'labor allocation,and proposes corresponding policy solutions.Based on the data of Thousand-villages survey in Guangdong in 2018,this paper uses the coarsened exact matching(CEM)method and the inverse probability weighted regression adjustment(IPWRA)model to explore the income effect and crowding-out effect of the"one family,two systems"behavior that are affected by the allocation of labor,regional heterogeneity and robustness were analyzed.The results show that crowding-out effect caused by cross-industry labor allocation is greater than income effect,which aggravates the"one family,two systems"behavior of farmers,but there are regional differences:cross-industry labor allocation of farmers significantly aggravates the"one family,two systems"behavior in regions with lower economic development level;the influence of cross-industry labor allocation of farmers on"one family,two systems"is no longer significant in regions with higher economic development level.This study provides theoretical and empirical basis for government to formulate corresponding measures to slow down the"one,two systems"behavior of farmers and guarantee the quality and safety of agricultural products.