2型糖尿病合并新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染轻症患者出院时的中医症状特征及荆银固表方干预疗效

Characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine symptoms in patients of mild novel coronavirus omicron variant infection combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus when discharged from the hospital and the intervention effect of Jingyin Gubiao Formula

目的:对符合出院标准的2型糖尿病合并新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染轻症患者的中医症状特征进行分析,并观察荆银固表方的干预作用。方法:将出院时符合标准的790例新型冠状病毒肺炎患者按1∶1比例随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各395例。治疗组中符合2型糖尿病诊断标准的146例患者为糖尿病治疗组,其余249例患者为非糖尿病治疗组;对照组中符合2型糖尿病诊断标准的129例患者为糖尿病对照组,其余266例患者为非糖尿病对照组。出院时,治疗组患者给予荆银固表方口服,疗程为1周;对照组患者不发放药物。比较糖尿病治疗组和非糖尿病治疗组患者出院时的中医症状评分;比较糖尿病对照组及糖尿病治疗组患者于荆银固表方治疗前后的中医症状评分。组间比较时,如基线数据不均衡,将有差异的指标作为协变量进行倾向性得分匹配,获得组间均衡的数据后再进行组间中医症状评分比较。结果:①出院时,除喘息症状外,非糖尿病治疗组患者的中医症状较糖尿病治疗组均较轻(P<0.01,P<0.05)。②治疗后,糖尿病治疗组患者的各项中医症状较治疗前均明显改善(P<0.01,P<0.05),糖尿病对照组患者的恶寒、汗出、头痛、咳嗽、咽痛症状较治疗前亦明显改善(P<0.01,P<0.05),且糖尿病治疗组患者的恶寒、汗出、咳嗽、咯痰症状的改善优于糖尿病对照组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论:与非糖尿病患者相比,合并2型糖尿病的新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染轻症患者即使在符合出院条件时仍存在较严重的肺系症状,荆银固表方对改善这些症状具有一定的作用。

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptoms in patients of mild novel coronavirus omicron variant infection combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus who met the discharge criteria and observe the intervention effect of Jingyin Gubiao Formula.Methods:A total of 790 patients with corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)who met the criteria when discharged from the hospital wererandomly divided intothe treatment group and the control group at aratioof1:1,395 cases in each group In the treatment group,146 patients who met the diagnostic criteria of type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled in the diabetic treatment group,and the other 249 patients were enrolled in the non-diabetic treatment group.In the control group,129 patients who met the diagnostic criteria of type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled in the diabetic control group,and the other 266 patients were enrolled in the non-diabetic control group.When discharged from the hospital,the patients in the treatment group were given Jingyin Gubiao Formula orally with a course of I week,while the patients in the control group were not given any medicine.The TCM symptom scores of the patients when discharged from the hospital were compared between the diabetic treatment group and the non-diabetic treatment group.Before and after treatment of Jingyin Gubiao Decoction,the TCM symptom scores were compared between the diabetic treatment group and the diabetic control group.If the baseline data were not balanced between the two groups,the indicators with differences were taken as the covariates toperform the propensity scorematching in ordertoobtain the balanced data between thetwo groups,and then theTCM symptom scores were compared between the two groups.Results:①When the patients were discharged from the hospital,except for wheezing symptom,the other TCM symptoms in the non-diabetic treatment group were milder than those in the diabetic treatment group(P<0.01,P<0.05).②After treatment,all the TCM symptoms in the diabetic treatment group were significantly improved compared with those before treatment(P<0.01,P<0.05),the symptoms including aversion to cold,sweating,headache,cough and sore throat in the diabetic control group were also significantly improved compared with those before treatment(P<0.01,P<0.05),and the improvement of the symptoms including aversion to cold,sweating,cough and expectoration in the diabetic treatment group were better than those in the diabetic control group(P<0.01,P<0.05).Conclusion:Compared with the non-diabetic patients,the patients of mild novel coronavirus omicron variant infection combined with type 2diabetes mellitus still havemoresevere pulmonary symptoms even when they met the discharge criteria,and Jingyin Gubiao Formula has a certain effect on improving these symptoms.