[并令]簋“邑于郑”与西周王朝的西北经略

The Inscription“Settle in Zheng”in the Ling Gui and the Defense of the Northwest the Western Zhou Dynasty

中国国家博物馆藏[并令]簋的年代在西周中期恭王时,铭文所言周天子令[并令]“邑于郑”,是命[并令]在郑地建邑以居。[并令]所建并非郑地主邑,只是旁邑或佐邑。郑地的聚落结构是以王所居郑邑为核心,周围包括众多贵族居邑及公邑的“族邑”模式。郑地在今陕西凤翔一带,兴起于西周中期穆王时,是西周中期以来周人势力在陇东败退,戎人进逼之下的产物,是周王朝经略西北的基地。周天子很重视对郑地的经营,安置大量贵族及民人居于此地,这一举措也为西周贵族宗族内部族人的任官获职以及发展提供了机遇,促进了世族政治的发展。

The Ling[[并令]]gui collected in the National Museum of China can be dated to the mid-Western Zhou dynasty during the reign of the King Gong.In the inscription,the King ordered Ling to"settle in Zheng",which means Ling was commanded to build a settlement in Zheng area.The settlement structure of Zheng area was centered on the town of Zheng where the king lived,surrounded by the nobility's settlements or public"clan settlements",so Ling's settlement should be a side or ancillary settlement.Zheng area is located in the region around Fengxiang,Shaanxi.,as the defense base of the northwest of the Zhou dynasty,which rose during the reign of King Mu in the mid-Western Zhou dynasty,relating to the invasion of Rong people and the defeat of the Zhou dynasty in the eastern Longshan.The Zhou king attached great importance to the management of Zheng area and settled a large number of nobles and dependent people there,which also provided opportunities for the members in the noble clan to take an official post and get promotion and facilitated the development of clan politics in the Western Zhou dynasty.