左翼文学的“应然性”与语言张力(1930-1937)

The Inevitability and Linguistic Tension of Left-wing Literature(1930-1937)

在20世纪30年代左翼文学话语中,反帝反封建和阶级革命的语义学成分随处可见。左翼文艺界有效地将文学创作、文化运动与革命/政治结合起来,实现了文学语言与日常语言、革命/政治语言的有机融合,跨越了文学语言与日常语言、革命/政治语言之间的鸿沟,这不仅带来了一场文学的历史性变革,还令左翼文学话语能够在他者那里汲取到更多的力量和真理。在左翼作家的笔下,流氓无产者、罢工工人、暴动农民和抗日士兵的对话交谈创造了一个最具颠覆性的话语天地,他们往往以看似恶毒的骂语宣告自己的政治立场、反抗态度和破坏本能。无论是从民间交往、市井对话还是从工农俗语、士兵詈骂中,左翼作家总是能领悟到劳苦大众反抗剥削压迫和求索民间正义的强烈诉求,尤其是急切要求改变现状、摆脱现存秩序的心声,这些应然性因素是他们能够持续对革命想象过程加以叙述的重要原因。

In the 1930s,anti-imperialist,anti-feudal and class-revolutionary semantics were everywhere in the discourse of left-wing literature.The left-wing literary and art circles effectively combine literary creation,cultural movements and revolution/politics,realize the organic integration of literary language with daily language,revolutionary/political language,and bridge the gap between literary language and daily language and revolutionary/political language,which not only brought about a historical change in literature,but also enabled left-wing literary discourse to absorb more power and truth from others.In the writings of left-wing writers,the dialogues and conversations of rogue proletarians,strike workers,rioting peasants and anti-Japanese soldiers create a world of most subversion.They often use seemingly vicious swearing to declare their political stance,resistance attitude and destruction instinct.Whether it is from people-to-people exchanges,market conversations,worker-peasant idioms,and scolding from soldiers,left-wing writers can always comprehend the strong demands of the working people to resist exploitation and oppression and seek civil justice,especially the urgent desire to change the status quo and get rid of the existing order.These obligatory factors are an important reason why they can continue to describe the process of revolutionary imagination.