癌症患者使用新型冠状病毒感染疫苗的疗效和安全性

The efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccine among cancer patients

癌症患者是新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)的高危人群,其接种COVID-19疫苗可成功建立血清转化,产生保护性体液免疫和细胞免疫反应,降低COVID-19的重症率和死亡率。癌症患者接种COVID-19疫苗的临床疗效劣于一般人群,不良反应和普通人群一致。化疗可抑制保护性免疫反应的发生,进一步降低癌症患者接种COVID-19疫苗的疗效。癌症尤其是血液肿瘤患者接种COVID-19疫苗尤其容易出现效力不足,导致突破性感染的发生。对于接种2次疫苗仍然没有成功建立血清转化的癌症患者,再次接种强化疫苗非常必要。甚至,癌症患者有可能需要常规接种COVID-19加强疫苗。

Cancer patients are a high-risk population to infect with COVID-19.Pre-exposure of vaccination might successfully establish seroconversion,produce protective humoral and cellular immunity,thus decreasing the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 in patients with cancer.Although the side effects of COVID-19 vaccination in cancer patients were similar as those in the general population,the efficacy in cancer patients was inferior.Chemotherapy could suppress the protective immune effect induced by COVID-19 vaccination in cancer patients.Patients with malignancies,especially haematological malignancies,were more vulnerable to breakthrough infections due to the limited immune responses following vaccination.Booster vaccines were essential for seroconversion in those who were previously seronegative after two times of vaccination.In addition,regular booster vaccines might be required for cancer patients.