营养液浓度与喷雾频率对雾培黄瓜生长的影响

Effects of Nutrient Solution Concentration and Spraying Frequency on Growth of Cucumber Under Aeroponics

为探明气雾栽培下黄瓜生长发育的情况,研究了不同因素(营养液浓度和喷雾频率)对雾培黄瓜生长发育的影响。其中,营养液浓度用电导率EC(mS/cm)表示,分别设为低浓度C1:1.6(苗期)和2(开花结果期)、中浓度C2:2(苗期)和2.4(开花结果期)、高浓度C3:2.4(苗期)和2.8(开花结果期),喷雾频率分别设为高频T1:30 s/5 min(喷雾时间∕间隔时间)、中频T2:30 s/15 min、低频T3:30 s/30 min。试验期间对黄瓜植株株高、茎粗、叶面积、叶片SPAD值(叶绿素相对含量)、瓜长、瓜粗等指标进行监测。结果表明:在苗期C1T1处理下黄瓜植株的株高、茎粗、叶面积指标均优于其他处理,低浓度高频灌溉更有利于苗期黄瓜的生长;在开花结果期C3T1处理下黄瓜植株株高茎粗生长最快,且叶片SPAD值、瓜长、瓜粗均优于其他处理,高浓度高频率更有利于黄瓜开花结果期的生长。在全生育期结束时,利用主成分分析法对各处理进行综合评价,得出C3T1处理综合得分最高。因此,处理C3T1最有利于黄瓜植株的生长。

In order to ascertain the growth and development of cucumber in aeroponic cultivation,the effects of different factors(nutrient solution concentration and spray frequency)on the growth and development of cucumber were studied.The concentration of nutrient solution was expressed by EC(mS/cm),which was set as low concentration C1:1.6(seedling stage)and 2(flowering and fruiting stage),medium concentration C2:2(seedling stage)and 2.4(flowering and fruiting stage),high concentration C3:2.4(seedling stage)and 2.8(flowering and fruiting stage).The spray frequency was set as high frequency T1:30 s/5 min(spray time/interval time),medium frequency T2:30 s/15 min,low frequency T3:30 s/30 min.During the experiment,the plant height,stem diameter,leaf area,leaf SPAD value(relative content of chlorophyll),melon length and melon diameter were monitored.The results showed that the plant height,stem diameter and leaf area of cucumber seedlings under C1T1 treatment were better than those under other treatments,and low concentration and high frequency irrigation was more conducive to the growth of cucumber seedlings.The plant height and stem diameter of cucumber plants grew fastest under C3T1 treatment at flowering and fruiting stage,and the SPAD value of leaves,melon length and melon diameter were better than those under other treatments.High concentration and high frequency were more conducive to the growth of cucumber at flowering and fruiting stage.At the end of the whole growth period,the principal component analysis method was used to comprehensively evaluate each treatment,and the comprehensive score of C3T1 treatment was the highest.Therefore,the treatment of C3T1 is the most conducive to the growth of cucumber plants.