摘要
新烟碱类农药是一类广泛应用于农田生态系统的内吸型杀虫剂,具有杀虫广谱、持效期长和作用机制独特等特点。作为激动剂,它们选择性作用于昆虫烟碱型乙酰胆碱酯受体(nAChRs)。以往普遍认为,新烟碱类杀虫剂仅对靶标性昆虫杀灭性强,对鸟类等非靶标性生物毒性较低。但最近越来越多的研究表明,新烟碱类杀虫剂的暴露会对非靶标性鸟类造成负面影响。本文综述了新烟碱类杀虫剂的检测方法及其对鸟类的影响。国外较多的研究关注新烟碱类杀虫剂对鸟类种群数量、繁殖生态和迁徙能力的影响,但国内研究很少关注此类问题。针对我国现有研究的不足,提出了今后关于新烟碱类杀虫剂对鸟类影响研究方向,以期为科学评估新烟碱类杀虫剂对鸟类的暴露风险提供依据。
Neonicotinoids are a class of systemic insecticides widely used in agricultural ecosystems,with the characteristics of broad-spectrum,long residual efficient duration,unique mechanism of action.As potent agonists,they act selectively on insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors(nAChRs).It was accepted that the insecticides exhibited a high level of insecticidal activity just for target insects,and low toxicity for non-target animals,such as birds.However,a growing number of studies showed that exposure to neonicotinoid insecticides would negatively impact non-target birds.We reviewed the detection methods of neonicotinoid insecticides and the effects of the insecticides on birds.Many international studies have focused on the effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on populations,reproductive ecology,and migration ability of birds.However,few studies are from China.Based on the shortcomings of current researches in China,we proposed future research directions on the impacts of insecticides on birds,aiming to provide a scientific basis for assessing the risk of neonicotinoid insecticides exposure to birds.
作者
刘康梅
蒋爱伍
LIU Kangmei;JIANG Aiwu(College of Forestry,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期991-996,共6页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31870370)
广西自然科学基金项目(2018GXNSFDA281016)资助。
关键词
新烟碱类杀虫剂
鸟类
潜在影响
检测方法
neonicotinoid insecticide
bird
potential effect
detection method