结核分枝杆菌靶向Toll样受体4对免疫细胞功能影响的研究进展

Research progress in the effects of Toll like receptor 4 targeted by Mycobacterium tuberculosis on immune cell function

结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis,Mtb)与宿主细胞相互作用往往决定结核病的发生及病程发展。结核分枝杆菌及其分泌蛋白与宿主免疫细胞如巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞和树突状细胞等表面广泛表达的Toll样受体4(Toll-like receptor 4,TLR4)结合,相应激活或抑制免疫细胞相关信号通路,影响细胞因子表达、细胞吞噬和抗原呈递等功能,引发炎症或死亡,表现为抗结核免疫或免疫逃逸。本文主要综述了TLR4信号通路在介导结核杆菌调控免疫细胞功能过程中可能发挥的作用,旨在为进一步揭示Mtb致病机制及结核病治疗药物研发提供新思路。

The interaction between Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb)and host cells often determines the occurrence and course of tuberculosis.Mtb components or secreted proteins bind Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),which is widely expressed on the surfaces of host immune cells,such as macrophages,neutrophils and dendritic cells.This binding activates the immune cell-related signal pathway;affects cytokine expression,phagocytosis and antigen presentation;and causes the inflammation or cell death,manifested as anti-bacterial immunity or immune escape.This article reviews the potential role of the TLR4 signaling pathway in the regulation of immune cell function by Mtb,to reveal the pathogenic mechanism of Mtb and to facilitate future research and development of anti-TB drugs.