CRISPR/Cas系统在食源性致病菌快速检测新技术中的研究进展

Progress in the Rapid Detection of Foodborne Pathogens Based on Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-Associated Protein(Cas)

食源性致病菌的早期筛查与快速检测对食品安全和临床诊断至关重要。然而,传统检测方法操作繁琐、费时费力,难以满足快速检测需求。成簇、规则间隔的短回文重复序列(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats,CRISPR)和关联蛋白(CRISPR-associated protein,Cas)组成的CRISPR/Cas是广泛存在于细菌和古细菌中的一种免疫系统,其高效特异序列识别及切割活性的特性,为食源性致病菌高灵敏、快速检测提供了一种新的途径。本文介绍了CRISPR/Cas系统的原理、机制及发展,总结了近年来基于CRISPR/Cas系统结合不同结果报告方式用于食源性致病菌快速检测的最新进展,并对其优势、局限性和未来发展方向进行了讨论。

The early screening and rapid detection of foodborne pathogens is critical to food safety and public health.However,the traditional detection method is cumbersome,time-consuming and laborious,and cannot meet the requirement of rapid detection.CRISPR/Cas,composed of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR) and CRISPRassociated protein(Cas),is an immune system widely present in bacteria and archaea,which provides a novel pathway for low-cost,rapid,specific and sensitive detection of foodborne pathogens due to its efficient and specific sequence recognition and cleavage activity.This review article introduces the principle,mechanism and development of the CRISPR/Cas system,and summarizes the latest progresses in the rapid detection of foodborne pathogens based on the CRISPR/Cas system combined with different result reporting methods in recent years.Its advantages,limitations and future development prospects are also discussed.