初中历史史料实证教学的问题设计研究——以九年级上册第一次工业革命为例

Research on the Problem Design of Empirical Teaching of Historical Materials in Junior High Schools——Taking the First Industrial Revolution in Volume 1 of Grade 9 as an Example

《义务教育历史课程标准》(2022年版)中提出历史课程要培养的核心素养,主要包括唯物史观、时空观念、史料实证、历史解释、家国情怀五个方面,其中强调在义务教育阶段,“史料实证”主要要求学生初步学会依靠可信史料了解和认识历史。通过史料情境和史料实证等形式,设置问题链开展具体教学探究活动,是史料实证素养达成的重要途径。因此,基于初中历史史料实证问题设计教学,以九年级上册第一次工业革命为例进行实践教学分析,并得出相关结论和建议。

The“History Curriculum Standards for Compulsory Education”(2022 Edition),proposes that the core qualities to be cultivated in the course of history mainly include five aspects:historical materialism,space time concept,historical evidence,historical explanations,and feelings of family and country,and emphasizes that in the stage of compulsory education,"historical evidence"mainly requires students to initially learn to know history based on credible historical materials.It is an important way to achieve the empirical literacy of historical materials by setting up a question chain to carry out specific teaching and inquiry activities through the forms of historical materials situations and historical evidence.Therefore,this paper designs teaching based on the empirical problem of historical materials in junior high school,analyzes the practical teaching with the first Industrial Revolution in Volume I of Grade 9 as an example,and draws relevant conclusions and suggestions.