空气PM2.5污染分析以及环境治理研究

Analysis of air PM2.5 pollution and research on environmental treatment

PM2.5(细颗粒物)是构成雾霾的主要物质,对环境与人体均产生严重危害,以江苏省为目标区域,进行空气PM2.5污染分析以及环境治理研究。分析江苏省当前空气PM2.5污染现状,选择连云港市、扬州市和常州市作为PM2.5浓度监测点,设定采样日期为2020年1月1日至12月31日,通过采样器和滤膜获取PM2.5浓度数据。分析结果显示,3个监测点的PM2.5日均质量浓度分别为0.005~0.261、0.004~0.083和0.009~0.081 mg/m^(3);监测点第一季度的样本超标率较高,即江苏省2020年第一季度的PM2.5污染较为严重;全年PM2.5重污染天数达到41 d,分别占全年总污染天数和全年天数的93.2%和11.2%;夏季降雨量较大,空气相对清洁;风速与空气内PM2.5质量浓度之间存在负相关性。同时针对PM2.5污染提出完善生态环境保护的相关法律法规,开发太阳能、风能与天然气等清洁能源以及提升环境污染治理力度等环境治理措施。

PM2.5(fine particulate matter)is the main substance constituting haze,which causes serious harm to the environment and human body.This paper takes Jiangsu Province as the target area for air PM2.5 pollution analysis and environmental treatment research.Analysis of current air PM2.5 in Jiangsu Province pollution status,Lianyungang City,Yangzhou City and Changzhou City are selected as PM2.5 concentration monitoring points by setting the sampling date from January 1,2020 to December 31,and obtain PM2.5 concentration data through sampler and filter membrane.The analysis results showed that in 2020,the PM2.5 of the three monitoring points,the daily average mass concentration is 0.005~0.261 mg/m^(3),0.004~0.083 mg/m^(3) and 0.009~0.081 mg/m^(3) respectively.The sample exceedance rate of the monitoring points in the first quarter is high,that is,the pollution of PM2.5 in the first quarter of 2020 in Jiangsu Province is serious.In the whole year,the number of PM2.5 heavy pollution days reached 41 days,accounting for 93.2%and 11.2%of the total pollution days and the total pollution days respectively.The rainfall in summer is large and the air is relatively clean.There is a negative correlation between wind speed and PM2.5 mass concentration in in the air.At the same time,relevant laws and regulations for improving ecological environment protection are proposed to address PM2.5 pollution,and environmental governance measures such as developing clean energy such as solar energy,wind energy,and natural gas,as well as enhancing environmental pollution control efforts.