基于无人机摄影技术的露天煤矿深基坑变形实时监测研究

Research on real-time monitoring of deep foundation pit deformation in mining area based on UAV photography technology

以保障矿区工程施工安全为目的,研究基于无人机摄影技术的露天煤矿深基坑变形实时监测方法。按照露天煤矿工程分布情况,使用混合基准网法确定无人机航飞范围,选择UX5型无人机搭载红外摄像机采集该矿区深基坑红外图像;使用PIX4D mapper软件对红外图像数据进行全自动化处理,生成正射影像和数字表面模型;使用点云配准方法获取露天煤矿深基坑水平变形和沉降变形结果。实验结果表明,本文方法设计的无人机航飞方案较为合理,拍摄红外图像的航向重叠率和旁向重叠率较小,生成的深基坑DEM文件较为精准,匹配点云数据的吻合度为98.44%,匹配精度较高,可有效精准监测露天煤矿深基坑沉降情况,为露天煤矿深基坑安全施工提供准确数据。

In order to ensure the safety of mining area construction,a real-time monitoring method of deep foundation pit deformation in open-pit coal mine based on UAV photography technology is studied.According to the engineering distribution of the open-pit coal mine,the mixed reference network method is used to determine the flight range of the UAV,and the UX5 UAV is selected to carry an infrared camera to collect the infrared image of the deep foundation pit in the mining area.PIX4D mapper software is used to automatically process infrared image data to generate orthophoto image and digital surface model.The point cloud registration method is used to obtain the horizontal deformation and settlement deformation results of deep foundation pit in open-pit coal mine.The experimental results show that the UAV flight plan designed by the method in this paper is more reasonable,the course overlap rate and side overlap rate of the infrared image are small,the generated deep foundation pit DEM file is more accurate,the matching point cloud data coincidence is 98.44%,and the matching accuracy is high,which can effectively and accurately monitor the settlement of the deep foundation pit in the open-pit coal mine,and provide accurate data for the safe construction of the deep foundation pit in the open-pit coal mine.