国际航线对跨境消费的影响研究——基于中国地级以上城市与“一带一路”沿线国家的经验证据

The Impact of International Airlines on Cross-Border Consumption:Based on Empirical Evidence of Cities at and above PrefectureLevel and“the Belt and Road”Countries

“一带一路”倡议背景下,中国跨境消费市场迅速发展,国际航空网络是影响跨境消费的重要因素。利用中国2011—2016年280个地级以上城市与69个“一带一路”沿线国家的通航及跨境消费数据研究表明:开通国际直飞航线能够显著提高跨境消费金额,且通航城市与直飞航线数量越多,居民跨境消费金额越高;从地理位置来看,直飞航线对中部和西部地区跨境消费的影响较为突出,且对西部地区跨境消费的促进作用主要体现在西亚和南亚国家,对中部地区的促进作用集中在东亚国家;从城市分级来看,国际航线对中国三、四线城市居民跨境消费的刺激效应最为突出,对五线城市居民的跨境消费尚无显著影响。最后提出针对性的政策建议,认为中国应继续提高国际航空运输水平,因地制宜地发展各城市的空中交通网络与跨境消费市场。

In the background of“the Belt and Road”strategy,China’s cross-border consumption market has developed rapidly and air transportation is an important factor.The paper uses the data of navigation and cross-border consumption of 280 prefecture-level cities and 69“the Belt and Road”countries from 2011 to 2016 and analyzes the impact of international airlines on residents’cross-border consumption.The results show that international direct flights can significantly increase the amount of cross-border consumption,and the more the number of cities and direct airlines,the higher the amount of cross-border consumption.From the perspective of location difference,direct international airlines have weaker influences on cross-border consumption in the eastern region,and have more prominent influences in the central and western regions.The promotion in the western region is concentrated in West Asian and South Asian countries,and the promotion in the central region is concentrated in East Asian countries.From the perspective of city classification,the stimulation effect of international flights on cross-border consumption in the third-tier and fourth-tier cities is more prominent,and direct flights don’t have significant effects on cross-border consumption in the fifth-tier cities.Finally,the paper thinks that China should improve international air transportation,and develop air traffic networks and the cross-border consumption market according to local conditions.