基于“压力—状态—响应”模型的超大城市远郊乡镇生态韧性评价研究——以天津市蓟州区为例

Study on Evaluation of Ecological Resilience in Suburban Towns of Megacities Based on'Pressure-State-Response'Model:Taking Jizhou District of Tianjin City as an Example

随着超大城市的资源外溢式发展,其远郊型乡镇生态系统受到剧烈冲击,生态环境恶化的同时乡镇发展也受到掣肘。乡镇生态是区域乃至国家生态格局的重要组成部分,提升其生态系统韧性对于乡村振兴与区域协调发展有着重要意义。本文运用PSR(压力—状态—响应)模型从乡镇系统受到外界干扰后自身状态改变与做出反应的动态视角构建了乡镇生态韧性评价指标体系,并通过层次分析法与熵权法相结合的方式对天津市蓟州区全域26个乡镇的生态韧性进行指标赋权,得出压力、状态、响应三个维度的生态韧性,最终确定了蓟州区乡镇整体的生态韧性。结果表明:蓟州区各乡镇之间的生态韧性水平差异较大、在空间维度上呈现北高南低的格局。针对评价结果所反映出的问题从压力、状态、响应三个维度进行调控,以期为提高超大城市远郊乡镇生态韧性提供有益借鉴。

With the resource spillover development of megacities,the suburban township ecosystem has been severely impacted,while the ecological environment has deteriorated,the township development has also been constrained.Township ecology is a part of regional and even national ecological pattern,and improving ecosystem resilience is of great significance for regional coordinated development and rural revitalization.In this paper,the PSR(Pressure-State-Response)model is used to build the evaluation index system of township ecological resilience from the dynamic perspective of township system's own state change and response after external interference,and the ecological resilience of 26 townships in Jizhou District of Tianjin is weighted by the combination of AHP and entropy weight method,and the ecological resilience in three dimensions of pressure,state and response was obtained,and the overall ecological resilience of townships in Jizhou District was determined.The results show that the ecological resilience level among the townships in Jizhou District is different that is high in the north and low in the south in the spatial dimension.In view of the problems reflected in the evaluation results,regulation and control should be taken from the three dimensions of pressure,state and response,so as to provide useful references for improving the ecological resilience of villages and towns.