数字经济创新中的“科林格里奇困境”及其规制

The"Colingridge Dilemma"in Digital Economy Innovation And Its Regulation

创新是一把“双刃剑”,数字经济领域的创新亦然。在我国实施创新驱动发展战略的背景下,我们既期待创新,又警惕创新带来的意外风险。创新是面向未来的冒险,规制者在事前很难预测创新的方向,事后又难以承受不可逆的意外后果,这样的两难困境使规制决策困难重重,这是“科林格里奇困境”的再现。作为应对之策,先鼓励—后治理的静态规制思维难以匹配数字经济的动态发展规律,中国应摒弃这种两阶段的市场规制模式,代之以创新与规制同步进行的动态规制思维。从这个意义上说,策划创新模型有可取之处。该理论模型面临的信息不对称和激励偏差问题,可借助动态的规制体制及其信息反馈系统加以缓解。未来我国应在法治轨道上构建动态化的规制体制,以动态的规制标准引导高质量的创新,并运用创新成果反哺规制体制,确保市场规制法适应数字经济的动态发展。

Innovation is a"double-edged sword",and so is the innovation in digital economy.With the implementation of innovation-driven development strategy,we should embrace innovation,staying alert to the unintended consequences of innovation.Since innovation is a future-oriented adventure,regulators may have difficulty predicting the direction of innovation in advance and bearing the irreversible unexpected consequences afterwards.Such a dilemma,a recurrence of"Collingridge dilemma",frustrates regulatory decisions.The static regulation model of"encourage-first-govern-later"proves to be unable to match the dynamic development of digital economy.As a countermeasure,China should abandon this two-stage regulation model and replace it with a dynamic one of synchronizing innovation with regulation.In this sense,the"planned innovation model"has its merits.The problems of information asymmetry and incentive deviation faced in this theoretical model can be alleviated by the dynamic regulatory system and its information feedback system.In the future,China should build a dynamic regulatory system based on the rule of law,guide high-quality innovation with dynamic regulatory standards,and feed back the regulatory system with innovation achievements,so as to ensure that market regulation laws adapt to the dynamic development of digital economy.