中美战略竞争背景下的越南数字强国战略:合作契机还是地缘挑战?

Vietnam s Digital Power Strategy from the Perspective of Sino-US Strategic Competition:Opportunities for Cooperation or Geographical Challenges?

近来越南加速实施“数字强国”战略,试图利用其在数字信息领域里的后发优势,抓住工业革命4.0和中美战略竞争带来的机遇,通过全面推进国家数字化转型,实现其成为中等强国的战略目标。在经济社会层面,越南力图通过经济增长模式转型实现弯道超车,成为东盟地区数字产业的引领者。在政治安全层面,越南积极借鉴外国技术,发挥其在网络数字环境下的不对称优势,确保政治稳定和国家安全。在对外战略层面,则利用大国竞争,积极打造“东西数字走廊”,营造有利的地缘环境。随着美国加速实施印太经济框架并将越南视为与其合作的中心国家,越南数字强国战略实施将不可避免地影响到中南半岛甚至东南亚的地缘格局。该战略最终将给中越关系和中国在中南半岛利益造成何种影响,是带来合作契机还是地缘安全挑战,一方面取决于中国对该战略的认知程度,另一方面则取决于中国采取何种措施应对。

After the 13th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam,“Digital Power”has been officially promoted as Vietnam s national strategy.Vietnam intends to advance the transformation of its economic growth model,and to reconstruct its economic foundation by leveraging its latecomer advantage in digital information and seizing the opportunities brought by the Industrial Revolution 4.0 and the strategic competition between China and the United States.It aims to relying on science and technology,especially its digital transformation to gain advantages over other countries in this region,to become the leader of digital industry in the ASEAN region and thus reach its strategic goal of becoming a middle power.Regarding cyberspace as its“fourth living space”,Vietnam emphasizes the development of asymmetric power to gain security advantages,accelerates digital transformation through civil-military integration,and proactively builds the“East-West Digital Corridor”,which will not only reshape the geopolitical structure of the South China Peninsula,but also inevitably affect the Sino-Vietnamese relations,the Belt and Road Initiative construction and the implementation of the concept of a Community with a Shared Future in the region.However,the common interests between China and Vietnam still far outweigh the differences.Both sides should seek common ground while reserving differences,explore new cooperation areas in the context of digital transformation,and strive for mutual benefits and win-win results for both countries.