新型磁性共价有机框架材料的合成及其应用研究进展

Reviews on application in environment and synthesis of new magnetic covalent organic framework materials

为解决共价有机框架(COF)材料分散度高、不易从水中分离这一问题,将磁性基质与COF材料结合起来,一类新型的、易分离的磁性共价有机框架(MCOF)材料近年来被研发、合成并应用。总结了MCOF材料的合成方法如共价聚合合成、溶剂热合成、机械化学合成以及浸渍沉淀合成等方法;MCOF材料在常见有机污染物和无机污染物中富集处理以及MCOF材料与色谱分析相结合等方面等的应用;并对未来MCOF材料的研究方向做出了展望,指出MCOF作为一种新型的复合材料有着良好的应用性能,对进一步深入研究MCOF的应用具有很好的参考价值。

Covalent Organic Framework(COF)materials have the advantages of low density,adjustable structure,functionalization,and good stability,which are widely applied in the environmental treatment field.But the high dispersity of COF materials makes it difficult to separate them from water,leading to difficulty in recycling after the COF is used in water treatment.To solve this problem,novel Magnetic Covalent Organic Framework(MCOF)materials were synthesized and developed in recent years by combining magnetic matrixes(e.g.,Fe3O4magnetic nanoparticles,magnetic carbon nanotubes,etc.)with COF materials.Based on this situation,this paper summarized the usual synthesis methods of MCOF materials(e.g.,covalent polymerization method,solvothermal synthesis method,mechanochemical synthesis method,and impregnation-precipitation synthesis method)and other special synthesis methods(e.g.,bio-inspired polydopamine functionalization method,one-pot synthesis method,and microwave-assisted synthesis method).In addition,the advantages and disadvantages of these methods were also summarized separately.This article focused on exemplifying the applications in organic pollutants adsorption of MCOF materials,especially in endocrine disruptors,pesticides,drugs,personal care products,heavy metals,and other pollutants.The performance of MCOF materials in terms of adsorption capacity,magnetic saturation strength,specific surface area,and repeated use times were compared,it can be inferred that the novel MCOF materials have the advantages of high magnetic saturation strength,large specific surface area,and high cycle times.On the other hand,the related applications of MCOF materials in the chromatographic analysis were also introduced.All of these indicate that MCOF materials have good application properties as a new kind of composite materials,and provide important references for further research on MCOF materials.Finally,the future research directions of MCOF materials are proposed.Future work includes exploring environment-friendly methods for synthesizing MCOF,achieving specific adsorption of pollutants,and finding inexpensive monomers.