黄河流域宁夏段产水量时空变化分析

Spatial-Temporal Variation of Water Yield in Ningxia Section of Yellow River Basin

基于InVEST模型分析2000年、2010年、2020年的降水、参考蒸散发、土地覆盖状况等变化特征,空间可视化研究产水量时空分布特征及影响因素。结果表明,2000—2020年,宁夏降水量呈年际波动、总体上升,南高北低的特征;潜在蒸散发为南低北高,年际变化不大;耕地面积有所增加,不透水面显著增加,主要贡献来自草地和裸地。研究区产水量变化较为显著,从2000年的7.48亿m^(3)到2020年增加至12.14亿m^(3),清水河流域以南贡献了全区超过80%的产水量,气候条件变化是影响产水量变化的主要驱动力。空间可视化结果可直接反应产水量的空间差异,在水资源开发保护、高效利用等方面有重要应用意义。

Based on InVEST model,this study analyzed the change characteristics of precipitation,potential evapotranspiration and land cover in 2000,2010 and 2020,and studied the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and influencing factors of water yield by spatial visualization.The results show that from 2000 to 2020,the precipitation in Ningxia fluctuates annually and increases on the whole,with higher precipitation in the south and lower precipitation in the north.The potential evapotranspi⁃ration was low in the south and high in the north,with little interannual variation.The cultivated area has increased,and the im⁃pervious surface has increased significantly,with the main contribution coming from grassland and bare land.The variation of wa⁃ter yield in the study area is significant,increasing from 748 million m^(3) in 2000 to 1214 million m^(3) in 2020.The south of Qin⁃gshui River basin contributes more than 80%of the total water yield in the study area,and climate change is the main driving force affecting the change of water yield.The spatial visualization results can directly reflect the spatial difference of water yield,which has important application significance in the development,protection and efficient utilization of water resources,mining geo⁃logical environment restoration,and inter-provincial trade of cultivated land index.