HPV疫苗有效性的真实世界研究

Effectiveness of HPV vaccines in real-world study

人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)是一种嗜上皮组织病毒,高危型HPV感染可导致宫颈、阴道、外阴等部位癌前病变并最终进展为癌,低危型HPV感染可导致尖锐湿疣、复发性呼吸道乳头瘤等良性病变。HPV感染是威胁人类健康的重要公共卫生问题之一。目前,全球已有6种预防性HPV疫苗获批上市,在一些较早开展疫苗接种的国家中,HPV疫苗在真实世界人群中的接种保护效果已逐渐显现,对于HPV感染相关结局指标的保护效果良好,人群中的疫苗型别HPV感染、宫颈高度病变、肛门-生殖器疣、复发性呼吸道乳头状瘤病等结局指标的发生率明显降低,疫苗的群体保护效果突出,同时双价HPV疫苗在真实世界的接种实践中表现出对非疫苗型别HPV(HPV31/33/45)的交叉保护性。

Human papillomavirus(HPV)is an epitheliotropic virus.High-risk HPV infections lead to precancerous lesions which may progress to cancer in the cervix,vagina and vulva,while low-risk HPV infections cause benign lesions such as genital warts and recurrent respiratory papillomas.HPV infection remains one of the major public health problems threatening human health.To date,six prophylactic preventive HPV vaccines have been licensed,and the effectiveness of HPV vaccination has gradually appeared in some countries with earlier vaccination.HPV vaccination has been proved to be effective in protecting against diseases related to HPV infection,which leads to significant reductions in the incidence of vaccine-type HPV-related infection,high cervical lesions,anogenital warts,recurrent respiratory papillomatosis and other relevant diseases.The herd protection effect of the vaccines is outstanding.Meanwhile,a bivalent HPV vaccine has been demonstrated for the cross-protection against HPV infections of non-vaccine types(HPV31/33/45)in real-world vaccination practice.