孔子乐论中的“尽善尽美”思想辨析

An Analysis on the Thought of “Perfection” in Confucius' Theory of “Yue”

孔子乐论中“尽善尽美”这一命题涉及道德与审美的关系问题,“乐”“美”“善”等概念与艺术、审美、道德既有相通之处又有所区别,所以“尽善尽美”有特殊的美学含义。通过对“乐”的艺术效果及艺术规则的分析可知,它是兼具道德和审美两种属性的特殊艺术现象,因而在乐论范围内“美”和“善”不是截然分开的两种价值,而是能够相互转化、融合,最终实现美善统一。

The topic of “perfection” in Confucius' theory of “Yue” involves the question of the relationship between morality and aesthetics,and the concepts of “Yue”,“Beauty” and “Kindness” have both similarities and differences with art,aesthetics and morality.So,“Perfection”has a special aesthetic meaning.From the analysis of the artistic effects of “Yue” and the rules of art it can be known that it is a special artistic phenomenon with both moral practice and artistic natures,and therefore “Beauty” and “Kindness” are not two separate values within the scope of the theory of “Yue”.Instead,the two values can be transformed and integrated with each other to achieve the unity of beauty and kindness.