云南省2019年学生体质健康评价结果

Physical fitness evaluation results among students in Yunnan Province in 2019

目的分析云南省6~22岁学生体质健康标准评价结果,为制定学生体质健康干预措施和提高体质健康水平提供参考依据。方法从2019年云南省学生体质与健康调研数据库中选取调研学生的民族、性别、年级、身体形态、肺活量、运动素质等信息,根据《国家学生体质健康标准(2014年修订)》计算体质健康评价综合得分和不同等级学生分布,采用t检验、单因素方差分析、χ^(2)检验等比较不同民族、性别、学段学生体质健康达标情况及不同类别学生各项目得分情况。结果云南省7个民族学生体质健康评价综合得分为(70.02±9.69)分,平均及格率为88.91%,不同评价等级学生比例分别为优秀0.93%、良好17.90%、及格70.09%、不及格11.09%,各项目得分从高到低依次为体质量指数(94.99分)、50 m跑(74.13分)、坐位体前屈(72.63分)、耐力跑(70.43分)、立定跳远(67.77分)、仰卧起坐(65.71分)、1 min跳绳(65.25分)、肺活量(62.97分)、引体向上(29.04分),综合得分情况、合格率及评价等级构成的民族和学段间的差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为293.53,452.85;χ^(2)/χ^(2)_(趋势)值分别为466.65,412.57;1553.22,1045.36,P值均<0.01)。结论云南省学生体质健康标准评价优良率较低。需根据不同民族、不同学段学生的体质状况特点给予针对性的指导和训练。

Objective To analyze physical fitness of students aged 6-22 years old from seven ethnic groups in Yunnan Province,and to provide reference for physical fitness intervention measures.Methods The nationality,gender,grade,body shape,vital capacity,exercise quality of students were derived from the 2019 Yunnan Student Physical Health Survey Database.Comprehensive physical fitness score was calculated according to the National Student Physical Fitness Standards(revised in 2014).t-test,ANOVA,andχ^(2)test were used to analyze physical fitness score and level among students with different ethnic groups,gender,and school stages.Results The average comprehensive score of physical fitness among students from 7 ethnic groups in Yunnan Province was(70.02±9.69),with the pass rate being 88.91%.The proportion of excellent was 0.93%,good was 17.90%,pass 70.09%,and failed was 11.09%.Physical fitness score was highest in BMI(94.99 points),followed by 50-meter running(74.13 points),sitting forward bend(72.63 points),endurance running(70.43 points),standing long jump(67.77 points),sit-ups(65.71 points),1 minute skipping rope(65.25 points),vital capacity(62.97 points),pull-up(29.04 points).Physical fitness score and pass rate and evaluation level varied significantly by ethnicity and school stage(F=293.53,452.85,χ^(2)/χ^(2)_(trend)=466.65,412.57;1553.22,1045.36,P<0.01).Conclusion The excellent rate of physical fitness among students in Yunnan Province is relatively low.Physical fitness promotion requires specific guidance and training based on ethnicity and school stage.