领域特色创新方法优选决策模型

An Optimal Decision Model for Selection of Innovation Methods with Domain Characteristics

面向领域特色创新方法的推广应用,为了解决对众多创新方法进行优选时的决策困难,通过分析和评价不同方法对实际应用情境的适应度,提出一种领域特色创新方法优选决策模型.以轨道交通装备领域为例,通过企业实际应用情境分析,建立了包含产品类型、创新对象、创新链环节、创新类别和创新程序的五维应用情境空间;根据空间维度及其层次关系,构建了应用情境适用度评价指标体系,同时为了减少人为评价的主观影响,提出模糊层次分析法和熵值法相结合的组合赋权法;结合逼近理想值排序法,建立多种领域特色创新方法的FE-T优选决策模型.通过模型求解各方法的总适用度分值,基于规则排序确定多方法优选序列.将该决策模型用于指导某企业转向架创新项目中的方法选择,得到了适用于该项目应用情境的领域特色创新方法优选序列,为领域特色创新方法的优选提供参考.

In order to meet the promotion and application of the domain-specific innovation methods,facing the puzzle of enterprises’optimization of numerous innovation methods,a decision-making model for optimization of the domain-specific innovation methods is proposed by analyzing and evaluating the applicability of different methods in practical application situations.Taking the field of rail transit equipment as an example,through the analysis of the practical application situation of enterprises,a five-dimensional application situation space including product type,innovation object,innovation chain link,innovation category,and innovation process is established.According to the spatial dimension and its hierarchical relationship,the evaluation index system of application situation applica⁃bility is constructed.At the same time,in order to reduce the subjective influence of man-made evaluation,a combi⁃nation weighting method combining FAHP(Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process)and EM(Entropy Method)is pro⁃posed.Combining with TOPSIS(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution),the FE-T optimiza⁃tion decision model of various field characteristic innovation methods is established.The total applicability score of each method is solved by the model,and the multi-method optimization sequence is determined based on rule sort⁃ing.The decision model is used to guide the selection of a method in the bogie innovation project of an enterprise,and the optimization sequence of domain characteristic innovation methods suitable for the application situation of the project is obtained,which provides a reference for the optimization of domain characteristic innovation methods.