我国社会主要矛盾与分配制度互动变迁的历程与启示

Process and Enlightenment of Interaction between the Social Principal Contradiction and Distribution System of China

新中国成立以来,社会主要矛盾经历了政治阶级矛盾——经济供需矛盾——社会供需矛盾的三个阶段,使得我国的分配模式呈现为“平均主义”的分配——效率优先兼顾公平的分配——更加公平的、共享正义的分配。在这一变迁过程中,分配政策的变动也为社会主要矛盾转变提供了重要的实践基础。平均主义的分配模式推动社会主要矛盾从阶级矛盾转向经济供需矛盾;效率优先、兼顾公平的分配方针又使得社会主要矛盾开始从经济供需矛盾逐步向社会供需矛盾转变。以史为鉴,新时代进一步缩小贫富差距、促进机会公平、推进更加公平的分配是化解社会主要矛盾实现共同富裕现代化的必然要求,而这一要求的实现又需要不断优化分配结构、完善分配制度。

Since the foundation of the PRC,its social principal contradiction has experienced the following three stages:the political class contradiction,the economic contradiction between supply and demand,and the social contradiction between supply and demand.This leads to the egalitarianism mode of distribution in China;it is a more equitable mode of distribution with shared justice which gives priority to efficiency with due concerm for equity.In the course of change,changes of distribution policy have provided fundamental practice basis for the shift of social principal contradictions.The egalitarianism mode of distribution propelled the social principal contradiction to change from class contradiction to economic supply and demand contradiction;the distribution policy that gives priority to efficiency with due concem for equity resulted in the shift of social principal contradiction from economic supply and demand contradiction to social supply and demand contradiction.In order to resolve the social principal contradictions in the new era and realize the common prosperity for all as well as modernization,China should take history as a reference,further narrow the gap between the rich and the poor,enhance opportunity equity,and promote fairer distribution.To achieve this,the distribution structure should be constantly optimized and the distribution system should be perfected.