异相可见光催化耦合过硫酸盐活化技术在水污染控制中的研究进展

Advances in heterogeneous visible light photocatalysis coupled with persulfate activation for water pollution control

近年来,如何有效去除水中难降解污染物成为水污染治理中的难点问题。可见光催化耦合过硫酸盐活化技术是一种新型水处理工艺,有望成为难降解污染物高效去除的新策略。该耦合技术中,可见光、催化剂及过硫酸盐三者之间的协同效应被最大限度开发与利用,极大提升了处理工艺的氧化性能。本文回顾了该工艺中常用的金属基、碳基及复合型光催化材料,分析了光催化剂类型、元素组分、表面性质对体系氧化效能及反应机理的影响;讨论了有关催化剂光学特性(光学吸收、电荷动力学和能带结构)的主要表征方法;总结了不同体系中起主要氧化作用的活性物种及其生成机制;最后综述了该工艺在处理染料、酚类、新型污染物以及细菌灭活等不同场景中的应用,并对未来研究所面临的问题提出了展望。

In recent years,how to effectively remove refractory pollutants from water has become a key issue in water pollution control.Visible light catalysis coupled with persulfate activation technology is a new water treatment process,which is expected to become a new strategy for the efficient removal of refractory pollutants.In the photocatalysis/persulfate oxidation system,the synergistic effect among light radiation,catalyst and persulfate is exploited to the largest extent,which greatly improves the oxidation performance of the treatment process.In this paper,a variety of commonly used metal-based,carbon-based and composite photocatalysts are introduced,and the effects of photocatalyst type,element composition,and surface properties on photocatalytic activity and mechanism are analyzed.The main characterization methods of optical properties are also discussed.Meanwhile,the major reactive species participating in the oxidation process are summarized.Finally,the application of this process for organic contaminants elimination and bacteria inactivation is reviewed.As well,the opportunities and challenges for future research are prospected.