暗褐网柄牛肝菌-根粉蚧-植物的营养关系研究进展

Research progress on nutritional relationship of Phlebopus portentosus,root mealybug and plant

暗褐网柄牛肝菌多发生于园艺植物、经济林木或果林等有人类活动的地方,其与宿主不形成菌根结构,非外生菌根菌,具有一定腐生性,但不是典型的腐生食用菌。综述暗褐网柄牛肝菌-根粉蚧-植物形成菌物-动物-植物三界生物协同进化的营养关系:蚧虫寄生于植物根系,汲取寄主植物营养维持自身发育繁殖;暗褐网柄牛肝菌菌丝形成的菌腔为蚧虫提供栖息繁育场所;蚧虫分泌的蜜露对暗褐网柄牛肝菌菌丝生长有促进作用。暗褐网柄牛肝菌产量与菌腔虫瘿数量密切相关,在一定范围内,菌腔虫瘿越多,出菇产量越高。根据这一营养关系提出暗褐网柄牛肝菌人工室内栽培及仿生栽培的适宜方法。

Phlebopus portentosus mostly occurred in horticultural plants,economic trees or fruit trees with human activities.It does not form mycorrhizal structure with the host and it is not an ectomycorrhizal fungus.It is saprophytic,but it is not a typical saprophytic edible mushroom.The nutritional relationship of the symbiotic evolution of the three kingdoms of fungi,animals,and plants formed by Phlebopus portentosus,root mealybug and plant is as follows:scale insects parasitize on plant roots and feed on plant nutrition to maintain their own reproduction and development.The galls formed by the mycelium provide the necessary habitat for the scale insect,and the honey secreted by the scale insect can promote the mycelial growth of Phlebopus portentosus.The fungus-insect gall is closely related to the mushroom production.Within a certain range,the more the gall,the higher the yield.Based on this nutritional relationship,suitable methods for artificial cultivation and bionic cultivation of Phlebopus portentosus are proposed.