晚清女学堂中的日本女教员--以服部繁子为中心

A Japanese Female Teacher in a Women’s School in the Late-Qing Dynasty—Focus on Shigeko Hattori

甲午战败后,中国出现了兴女学思潮。为了解决女学堂师资匮乏的问题,中国于1902年开始聘请日本教员来华任教。同年,日本女教育家服部繁子来到中国,与中国的有识之士一起创办了北京第一所女学堂--豫教女学堂,担任学堂的女经理人,负责学堂具体的教学和管理工作。服部繁子力行良妻贤母主义教育,将日本经验融入了中国的女子教育,推动了晚清时期女学的发展。以服部繁子为代表的日本女教员的在华活动是中日教育交流以及国际妇女运动中的重要组成部分,但从本质上来说,其根本目的是扩大日本在华势力,减少中国排外思想,具有扩张性。

After defeated by Japan in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895,China began to develop women’s education.In order to solve the problem of the shortage of female teachers,China began to hire Japanese female teachers.In 1902,Shigeko Hattori,a Japanese female educator,came to China and founded the first girls’school in Beijing,Yujiao Girls’school,together with Chinese people of insight.She served as the female manager of the school and was responsible for teaching and management of the school.Shigeko Hattori practiced the good wife and good mother doctrine in education and integrated Japanese experience into Chinese women’s education.She promoted the development of women’s education in late-Qing Dynasty.The activities of Japanese female teachers represented by Shigeko Hattori in China was an important part of the educational exchanges between China and Japan and the international women’s movement.But in essence,its fundamental purpose was to expand Japan’s influence in China and reduce China’s exclusivism,which was expansionary.