资本家与政治家:墨西哥革命中的索诺拉领导人

Capitalists and Statesmen:Sonoran Leaders in the Mexican Revoluion

本文分析了墨西哥革命中的政治腐败,主要关注1920~1934年这一时段,当时一个来自西北部索诺拉州的派系控制了正在从十年内战中恢复的墨西哥。我们具体考察奥夫雷贡、卡列斯和罗德里格斯将军的私人财富,表明索诺拉人参与了腐败资本的积累,但成果相对有限。新上台的执政精英在经济上已经处于优势地位,他们的财富积累表明革命在促进经济正义方面总体上失败了。鉴于国家需要解决土地问题,获取土地被证明是十分困难的。在20世纪20~30年代,索诺拉人不可能为了自己的利益简单地夺取敌人的土地以供自己使用而不产生重大影响。

This article analyses political corruption in the Mexican Revolution,with special emphasis on the period 1920-1934,when a faction from the northwestern state of Sonora controlled the state in a period in which the country was recovering from a decade of civil war.With specific references to the private fortunes of Generals Alvaro Obregón,Plutarco Elías Calles,and Abelardo L.Rodríguez,the study demonstrates that the Sonorenses engaged in corrupt capital accumulation,but with relatively limited effect.The new governing elite entered power already economically advantaged,and their accumulation of wealth shows a general failure of the revolution to promote economic justice.Given the state’s need to address the agrarian question,the acquisition of land proved particularly difficult.In the 1920s and 1930s,the Sonorenses could not simply seize the land of their enemies for their own benefit without significant repercussions.