政社关系视角下地方官员对社会组织态度研究

A Study on Local Officials'Attitudes towards Social Organizations from the Perspective of the Relationship between Government and Society

既有政社关系研究多在宏观、中观层面展开,缺乏微观层面的研究视角。事实上,官员态度会显著影响社会组织发展,可作为从微观层面解释政社关系的突破口。本文从个体出发,借鉴ABC态度模型,从认知成分、情感成分、行为意愿三个维度编制地方官员对社会组织态度量表,以全国29个省、自治区、直辖市685份调查问卷为样本,分析地方官员对社会组织态度发现:第一,地方官员对社会组织的认知水平具有一定的片面性,表现为虽整体水平较高但内部结构存在较大分化;第二,地方官员对社会组织的情感评价已达成正向性的高度共识,且几乎不随官员个体特征变化;第三,地方官员对社会组织的行为意愿具有差异性,对社会组织的辅助性和挑战性表现出“厚此薄彼”的不同倾向,这在微观层次上为政社关系理论提供了经验证据;第四,地方官员对社会组织态度的内部关系遵循标准学习层级的影响,彰显出认知的基础性作用,为态度的进一步改善提供着力点。

The existing research on the relationship between government and society is mostly carried out at the macro and meso level,lacking of micro-level research perspective.In fact,the attitude of officials will significantly affect the development of social organizations,which can be used as a breakthrough to explain the relationship between government and society from the micro level.Based on the Tricomponent Attitude Model,this paper develops a scale of local officials'attitude towards social organizations from three dimensions:cognitive component,emotional component and behavioral intention.Taking 685 questionnaires from 29 provinces and municipalities directly under the central government as samples,this paper analyzes the attitude of local officials towards social organizations.It is found that:First,the local officials'cognitive level of social organizations has a certain one-sidedness,showing that although the overall level is high but the internal structure is greatly differentiated;second,local officials'emotional evaluation of social organizations has reached a high degree of positive consensus,and almost does not change with the individual characteristics of officials;third,local officials'behavioral willingness to social organizations is different,they show different tendencies of‘favoring one over the other’for the assistance and challenge of social organizations,which provides empirical evidence for the theory of political and social relations at the micro level.Fourth,the internal relationship of local officials'attitudes towards social organizations follows the influence of standard learning levels,highlighting the basic role of cognition and providing a focus for further improvement of attitudes.