秩序与机制:一个西南农村民间组织对乡村社会关系修复的案例

Order and Mechanism:A Case of the Restoration of Rural Social Relations by Rural NonGovernmental Organizations in Southwest China

近年来,在传统丧葬文化保持得较为完好的贵州农村地区,葬礼操办存在一种从宗亲互助向地区性邻里互助转变的趋势。贵州省石桥村建立专门的丧葬互助组织“龙杆会”,通过应急策略、集体制裁、互惠原则等规约机制,以及场景安慰、主家信任、集体依赖等情感机制,以“村民小组-社区-村庄”的互助逻辑调整着乡村社会关系。该组织在促进乡村劳动力回流、加强人情往来以及加固村落团结等方面都发挥着重要作用。可为在农村空心化程度不断加剧的今天,就修复村庄共同体关系问题提供一个有益的实践案例。

In recent years,in the rural areas of Guizhou,where the traditional funeral culture has been well preserved,there is a trend that the funeral operation has changed from the mutual aid between the relatives to the mutual aid between the local neighbors.Shiqiao Village,Guizhou Province,has established a special funeral mutual aid organization“Longgan Association”to adjust the rural social relations with the mutual aid logic of“Villager Group,Community,Village”through emergency strategies,collective sanctions,the principle of reciprocity and other regulatory mechanisms,as well as emotional mechanisms such as scene comfort,host trust,and collective dependence.The organization plays an important role in promoting the return of rural labor force,strengthening human relations and strengthening village unity.It can provide a useful practical case on the issue of repairing the village community relationship in today's increasingly hollow rural areas.