交通基础设施、研发人员流动对制造业出口技术复杂度的影响

IMPACTS OF TRAFFIC INFRASTRUCTURES AND RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT STAFF TURNOVER ON MANUFACTURING'S EXPORTING TECHNICAL COMPLEXITY

采用2008—2019年省级面板数据,构建空间计量模型,研究交通基础设施与制造业出口技术复杂度之间的关系,并分析研发人员流动的中介效应作用机制。实证结果表明:1)总体而言,不同的交通基础设施对本地区制造业出口技术复杂度均具有正向促进作用;2)交通基础设施对周边地区制造业出口技术复杂度具有显著负效应,其主要原因在于交通基础设施通过促进研发人员跨地区流动,提高本地区的创新要素集聚度,引起周边地区向本地区资源再配置,从而削弱周边地区制造业企业生产率,最终抑制周边地区制造业出口技术复杂度的提升,分类型来看,公路对于周边地区制造业出口技术复杂度的抑制作用强于铁路。上述研究结果为地方政府充分发挥自身区位优势开展交通基础设施建设,切实推动交通基础设施跨区域协调发展提供了参考。

This paper establishes a spatial counting model via China s 2008 to 2019 provincial panel data to study the relationship between traffic infrastructures and manufacturing s exporting technical complexity,and to analyze the mediating effect mechanism of research&development staff turnover.Empirical study indicates that all traffic infrastructures positively promote the local manufacturing s exporting technical complexity,but negatively on its surrounding areas mainly because traffic infrastructures promote trans-area turnover of R&D staff,increase the innovative elements conglomeration locally,leading to surrounding resources being relocated to locality,impairing their manufacturing productivities in the surrounding areas,and finally constraining the increase of manufacturing s exporting technical complexity.Roads play a stronger role than rails.This paper presents references for local governments to develop their infrastructures according to their locality advantages and to boost a trans-area coordinated development of infrastructures.