美国对华发动“芯片战”与日本政企背离倾向

The U.S."Chip War"against China and the Tendency of Japanese Politics and Business to Diverge

美国政府对华遏制政策从贸易战上升为科技战,力图实现以半导体为代表的高科技领域对华“脱钩”。2022年8月美国总统拜登签署《芯片与科学法案》,10月又出台《出口管制条例》修订案,进一步加强尖端半导体和相关制造设备的对华出口限制,并且要求日本等同盟国步调一致,以达到全面封杀中国制造先进半导体能力的目的。日本政府积极参与美国在主要产业链领域遏制中国的战略,但此举将对日本半导体相关产业带来重大冲击,特别是将使日本的半导体设备和材料制造企业蒙受巨大损失。对此,日本企业开始重视地缘政治带来的风险,对半导体领域的产业链进行重要调整,谋求新的发展战略。针对西方对我国高科技产业实施的“脱钩”“断链”战略,我们应高度重视并采取相应对策,应坚持国际合作和大力增强自主创新能力,构建新的发展格局。

The U.S.government's containment policy toward China has escalated from a trade war to a science and technology war,trying to achieve"decoupling"from China in high-tech fields represented by semiconductors.In August 2022,U.S.President Joe Biden signed the Chip and Science Act,and in October he introduced amendments to the Export Administration Regulations to further strengthen export restrictions on cutting-edge semiconductors and related manufacturing equipment to China,and asked Japan and other allied countries to follow suit in order to achieve the goal of blocking China's ability to manufacture advanced semiconductors.The Japanese government is actively involved in the U.S.strategy to contain China in key industry chain areas,but this move will have a huge impact on the Japanese semiconductor-related industries,and in particular will lead to huge losses for Japanese semiconductor equipment and material manufacturers.In response,Japanese companies are actively adjusting their development strategies,paying attention to the risks posed by geopolitics and making major adjustments to the industry chain in the semiconductor sector.In response to the"decoupling"and"chain-breaking"strategy implemented by the U.S.for China's high-tech industries,we should pay great attention to and take corresponding countermeasures,and should adhere to international cooperation and vigorously strengthen the capacity of independent innovation to build a new development pattern.