义务教育阶段“考试实行等级评价”的意蕴

The Implication of"Examination Implements Grade Evaluation"in Compulsory Education Stage

“考试实行等级评价”的意蕴在实践中尚未被清楚认识,理论上鲜少被深入阐释与系统揭示,已影响等级评价顺利实行。“考试实行等级评价”有上千年历史,其功能与内容在不断地发展。“考试实行等级评价”以关照学生全面发展、回归学校育人初心与减轻家长教育焦虑为价值诉求。“考试实行等级评价”的内涵主要体现在四个方面:评价内容涵盖正确价值观念、必备品格与关键能力;具有模糊性、科学性、多元性与综合性;可分为综合等级评价、测量结果转化等级评价与标准参考等级评价;等级评价与分数评价在呈现形式、评价理念与区分度等方面存在差异,而在评价功能与评价内容方面存在联系。“考试实行等级评价”的顺利实行需“制度先行、实验探索、专业保障与技术支持”作为保障条件。

The implication of"implementing grade evaluation in examinations"has not been clearly understood in practice,and has rarely been thoroughly explained and systematically revealed in theory,which has affected the smooth implementation of grade evaluation.It is found that"the implementation of grade evaluation in examination"has a history of thousands of years,and its function and content are constantly developing."Implementing grade evaluation in examination"is the value appeal of"caring for students'all-round development,returning to the original intention of school education and alleviating parents'educational anxiety".The connotation of"implementing grade evaluation in examination"is mainly reflected in four aspects:the content of evaluation covers correct values,essential qualities and key abilities;It has fuzziness,scientificity,pluralism and comprehensiveness.It can be divided into comprehensive grade evaluation,measurement result conversion grade evaluation and standard reference grade evaluation.There are differences between grade evaluation and score evaluation in presentation form,evaluation concept and differentiation degree,but there is a relationship between evaluation function and evaluation content.The smooth implementation of"examination implementation grade evaluation"requires"system first,experimental exploration,professional guarantee and technical support"as the guarantee conditions.