以人为本视域下的人工智能警务伦理

The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence Policing in a People-oriented Perspective

随着时代发展,警用人工智能已开始广泛应用于执法活动之中,展现出“工具理性”。一方面,警用人工智能可以缓解警力不足,提高工作效率,推动科技兴警;另一方面,警用人工智能又产生了诸多伦理问题,如“偏见”影响警务人员正确履职,冲击警察岗位,侵犯个人数字隐私权,法律追责困境等,这些问题伤害了警用人工智能的主人——警察。因而,建立一个以人为本的人工智能警务伦理规范显得至关重要,即从正确处理警用人工智能与警务人员之间的关系入手,加强警用人工智能在警务活动中的监管,建立相应的法律和风险控制机制来规避相关伦理问题,探索建立科学灵活的警用人工智能“软法”体系,以此保障警察的职业尊严,让警用人工智能更好地服务国家社会。

With the development of the times,artificial intelligence has been widely used in law enforcement,showing its“instrumental rationality”.On the one hand,artificial intelligence can alleviate the shortage of police officers,improve work efficiency and promote the development of police through science and technology.On the other hand,artificial intelligence has produced many ethical problems:performance affected by the“prejudice”of police officers,replacing some policing posts,infringing personal digital privacy,and legal accountability dilemmas,etc.All these problems bring harm to the master of police artificial intelligence-the police.Therefore,it is crucial to establish a people-oriented ethical code for AI policing.Starting from the correct handling of the relationship between police AI and police personnel,this paper proposes strengthening the supervision of AI in policing activities,establishing corresponding legal and risk control mechanisms to avoid relevant ethical issues,and exploring the establishment of a scientific and flexible“soft law”system for police AI,so as to protect the professional dignity of police officers and better serve the country and society.