反腐败追逃追赃国际合作的若干问题

Some Issues of International Cooperation in Anti-corruption Fug itive Repatriation and Asset Recovery

在惩治腐败犯罪国际合作过程中,追逃和追赃是主线。由于法律、制度、习惯等各种差异和障碍,如何开展行之有效的国际合作始终是难点,理论界和实务界都在寻找破解之策。本文在具体个案的经验和教训基础上,就以下三个较为重要的问题展开思考:分析积极适用遣返措施的必要性,并从主动配合遣返国、推动被请求国积极合作、有效破除例外障碍三个方面探索推动适用遣返措施的可行性路径;分析建立健全资产分享和返还机制的必要性,就资产查明、分享、返还三个主要环节提出具体建议;分析提升境外收集证据能力的必要性,从积极推进构建调查取证的国际合作机制、主管机关统筹规范调查取证工作、借助数字技术创新调查取证模式、在驻外使馆探索设立法务专员四个方面进行具体路径的分析研究。

In the process of international cooperation in punishing corruption,the main line is the pursuit of fugitives and asset recovery.Due to differences and obstacles of laws,institutions and customs,it is always difficult to conduct an effective international cooperation,to which both theoretical and practical circles are seeking proper solutions.Based on the experience and lessons of specific cases,this article tries to probe deeply into the following 3 important issues:analyzing the necessity of actively applying repatriation measures,exploring feasible paths to apply the said measures from 3 aspects:(a)coordinating with the repatriated country actively,promoting cooperation with the requested country,and removing exceptional barriers eff ectively;(b)analyzing the necessity of establishing and improving the mechanism of assets sharing and return,and making specific suggestions on the key link of assets identifying,sharing and return;and(c)analyzing the necessity of improving the capability to collect overseas evidences,and studying specifi c paths from promoting the establishment of an active and eff ective international cooperation mechanism,coordinating and standardizing(regulating)investigations and evidence collection by competent authorities,innovating the model of investigations and evidence collection through digital technologies,and exploring to set up legal commissioners in embassies and consulates abroad.