自然保护区生态补偿机制改革路径探索

Exploration of the Path of Protection Area Ecological Compensation Mechanism Reform

完善自然保护区生态补偿机制对于推动建设人与自然和谐共生的自然保护区具有重要意义。文章采用归纳分析与案例分析相结合的方法对自然保护区生态补偿机制改革的关键问题进行分析,结果表明:自然保护区生态补偿机制改革已在围绕补偿主体、补偿标准、补偿方式、绩效评估等方面开展了诸多有益探索,但尚不足以满足改革发展的现实需要,仍面临法律法规建设滞后、补偿资金缺口较大、补偿标准偏低、补偿方式较为单一等问题。未来自然保护区生态补偿机制改革路径应包括:健全生态补偿政策法规体系、提高生态补偿资金使用效益、分类实施差别化补偿标准、探索市场化多元化补偿方式。

It is significant to improve the ecological compensation mechanism of protected areas for promoting the building of protected areas in which people and nature are in harmony.The article analyses the critical issues of ecological compensation mechanism reform in nature protected areas by combining inductive analysis and case studies.The results show that the reform of the ecological compensation mechanism for protected areas has carried out valuable research on compensation subjects,compensation standards,compensation methods,and performance evaluation.Nevertheless,more is needed to meet the real needs of reform and development.It still needs problems such as lagging construction of laws and regulations,a significant shortage of compensation funds,low compensation standards,and single compensation methods.In the future,the path of reforming the ecological compensation mechanism for nature protected areas should include:improving the ecological compensation policy and regulation system,enhancing the effectiveness of ecological compensation funds,categorizing and implementing differentiated compensation standards,and exploring market-oriented and diversified compensation methods.