关于我国历史遗留矿山土地复垦的思考

Thinking on Land Reclamation of Historical Legacy Mine in China

历史遗留矿山土地复垦是国土空间生态修复的重要组成部分,也是矿山治理的重点和难点。文章分析了历史遗留矿山土地复垦对推进生态文明建设、推动经济发展、实现减排增汇的重要意义,指出当前开展历史遗留矿山土地复垦中存在监管体制不健全、财政资金保障能力有限、复垦质量有待提高等问题。针对相关问题,从自然恢复与人工修复、成本与效益、政府与市场三个方面明晰历史遗留矿山土地复垦中存在的关系,并在此基础上提出推动历史遗留矿山土地复垦有序高效开展的建议:(1)建立健全监管体制机制;(2)完善社会资本参与政策机制;(3)提升土地复垦技术和质量;(4)丰富土地复垦模式。

The land reclamation of historical legacy mines is an important part of the ecological restoration of land and space and the focus and difficulty of mine governance.This paper analyzes the important significance of land reclamation in the development of ecological civilization,promoting economic development,and reducing the reduction of emissions,and points out that there are some problems in the land reclamation of historical mines,such as the unsound regulatory system,the limited ability of financial support and the quality of reclamation to be improved.In view of relevant problems,the relationship between land reclamation of historical mines was clarified from three aspects:natural restoration and artificial restoration,cost and benefit,government and market,and on this basis,suggestions were put forward to promote the orderly and efficient development of land reclamation of historical legacy mines:①establish and improve regulatory systems and mechanisms;②improve the policy mechanism for social capital participation;③improve land reclamation technology and quality;④enrich the land reclamation mode.